Population and urbanisation, Year 8: more practice：全部卡片
整套按顺序列出——孩子看到之前，您可以先通读一遍。
- What name is given to housing built from scrap materials, without permission, on the edge of a fast-growing city?
A squatter settlement (also called a shanty town or informal settlement)
提示It is built by people who cannot afford other homes.
为什么Rapid migration can outpace the building of homes. These areas often lack clean water, sanitation and electricity.
- Besides people moving in, what second thing makes a city's population grow?
Natural increase — more births than deaths among people already living there
提示Think about babies being born locally.
为什么Urban growth has two ingredients: migration into the city and natural increase within it.
- A country has a birth rate of 18 per 1 000 and a death rate of 7 per 1 000. What is its natural change per 1 000? (number only)
11
提示Subtract the death rate from the birth rate.
为什么18 − 7 = 11 more births than deaths for every 1 000 people.
- A country has a birth rate of 9 per 1 000 and a death rate of 12 per 1 000. What is its natural change, and what happens to its population if there is no migration?
−3 per 1 000; the population falls
提示Work out births minus deaths and look at the sign.
为什么9 − 12 = −3. With more deaths than births, and no one moving in, the population shrinks.
- Why can a country's population keep growing for years after its birth rate has fallen?
Births still outnumber deaths, and many young adults are having children
提示Falling is not the same as below the death rate.
为什么Natural change stays positive while births are above deaths. A large young generation means many parents, which keeps births high in total.
- In Stage 1 of the demographic transition model, are the birth and death rates both high or both low?
Both high
提示Think of a society with no modern medicine or contraception.
为什么In Stage 1 both rates are high, so the population stays low and steady, or grows very slowly.
- In which stage of the demographic transition model are birth and death rates both low, with the population roughly steady?
Stage 4
提示It is near the end of the model.
为什么Stage 4 is typical of wealthy countries, where families are small and people live long lives.
- Better schools and hospitals in a destination country are an example of which kind of migration factor?
A pull factor
提示They attract people to a place.
为什么Pull factors draw migrants to a place. Push factors, such as war or unemployment, drive them from home.
- What is the main difference between a refugee and an economic migrant?
A refugee flees danger or persecution; an economic migrant moves mainly to find work or a better income
提示One has a threat to safety; the other seeks a higher wage.
为什么Real stories are often mixed, so geographers use the terms with care.
- Why are most new megacities appearing in Asia and Africa rather than in Europe?
Fast population growth and rural-urban migration there
提示Think about where cities are growing fastest.
为什么Many older European cities have slow growth. In Asia and Africa, high natural increase and migration from the countryside drive rapid urban growth.
1★ KS3-GEOG-POP-0039
2★ KS3-GEOG-POP-0040
3★ KS3-GEOG-POP-0041
4★ KS3-GEOG-POP-0042
5★ KS3-GEOG-POP-0043
6★ KS3-GEOG-POP-0044
7★ KS3-GEOG-POP-0045
8★ KS3-GEOG-POP-0046
9★ KS3-GEOG-POP-0047
10★ KS3-GEOG-POP-0048