Maps and place knowledge, Year 8: Africa and plate boundaries：全部卡片
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- The long, steep-sided valley running north to south through East Africa, formed where the land is being pulled apart
The Great Rift Valley
提示Its name says that the ground has split.
为什么It runs through Ethiopia, Kenya and Tanzania. Its floor holds a chain of lakes, and volcanoes stand along its edges.
- Nairobi lies close to the Equator, yet its climate is mild, not baking hot. Why?
It is high up, about 1,800 m above sea level
提示Look at where Nairobi sits on a relief map.
为什么Air gets cooler with height, so the highlands of Kenya are much cooler than the coast, even though both are close to the Equator.
- The tropical grassland with scattered trees that covers much of East Africa
Savannah
提示It has a long dry season and a wet season, and is home to great grazing herds.
为什么There is too little rain for forest but enough for tall grasses. Wildebeest and zebra follow the rains across it in huge migrations.
- The Maasai of Kenya and Tanzania traditionally move with their cattle across the grasslands. Why do they move?
To find fresh grass and water as the seasons change
提示The rain does not fall in every place all year.
为什么In a climate with wet and dry seasons, grazing runs out in one place as it grows in another, so herders follow it.
- Kenya's cool, wet highlands are ideal for which export crop, whose leaves are picked by hand from bushes on the hillsides?
Tea
提示Britain drinks a great deal of it.
为什么The bushes need steady rain and mild temperatures, which the highlands provide. Kenya is one of the world's largest exporters of it.
- How many African countries are members of the United Nations? (number only)
54
提示A little over fifty.
为什么Africa has more countries than any other continent, and between them they hold well over a thousand languages.
- The belt of tropical rainforest in central Africa lies in the basin of which river?
The Congo
提示It shares its name with two countries.
为什么The region lies on the Equator and is hot and wet all year, and it holds the second-largest rainforest in the world after the Amazon.
- The longest river in Africa, flowing north to the Mediterranean Sea
The Nile
提示Ancient Egypt grew up along its banks.
为什么It crosses the Sahara, and the strip of green along it shows how much of Egypt's farming and settlement depends on its water.
- The type of plate boundary where two plates slide past each other
A conservative (transform) boundary
提示Crust is neither made nor destroyed there, so it is 'saved'.
为什么The plates stick, strain builds up, and then they jerk free in an earthquake. The San Andreas Fault in California is one.
- The type of plate boundary where two plates move towards each other and one sinks beneath the other
A destructive boundary
提示Think about what happens to the crust of the sinking plate.
为什么Where an ocean plate meets a continental plate, the denser ocean plate is forced down and melts. This causes earthquakes and explosive volcanoes.
1★ KS3-GEOG-MAP-0027
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