Maps and place knowledge, Year 7: more practice

The eastings — along the corridor, then up the stairs

提示Walk indoors first, afterwards climb.

为什么Grid references are read along first (eastings) and then up (northings). In 347213 the 34 and 47 are eastings, and 21 and 13 are northings.

Asia

提示It also has the most people of any continent.

为什么Asia covers about a third of the world's land. Africa is the second largest continent.

The Pacific Ocean

提示It lies between Asia and the Americas.

为什么The Pacific covers about a third of the Earth's surface, more than all the land put together.

0 degrees

提示Latitude is measured from this line.

为什么The equator is the 0° line of latitude. Latitudes run from 0° at the equator to 90° at each pole.

The prime meridian

提示It is the starting line for measuring east and west.

为什么Longitude is measured east and west of this line, from 0° to 180°. It also divides the eastern from the western hemisphere.

500

提示1 cm on the map stands for 50 000 cm in real life.

为什么50 000 cm is 500 m. This is why 2 cm on a 1:50 000 map means 1 km.

1.5 km

提示6 cm × 25 000 gives centimetres; convert to kilometres.

为什么6 × 25 000 = 150 000 cm = 1 500 m = 1.5 km. On a 1:25 000 map, 4 cm stands for 1 km.

The height above sea level of every point on that line

提示It tells you how high the ground is at all places along it.

为什么Contours join places of equal height. The vertical gap between neighbouring lines, the contour interval, is the same across the map.

Rings (closed loops) that get smaller towards the top

提示Picture slicing a hill horizontally.

为什么Each ring is a slice at one height. The smallest ring is the summit, so heights rise towards the middle.

Cardiff

提示It is in the south of Wales.

为什么Cardiff is also Wales's largest city. Edinburgh is the capital of Scotland and Belfast of Northern Ireland.

The north-west

提示Think of the Scottish Highlands and the mountains of Wales.

为什么The north and west are mostly upland, with mountains and moors. The south and east are mostly lowland.

The crust

提示It is the layer we live on.

为什么The crust is only a few kilometres thick under the oceans and a few tens of kilometres thick under the continents, compared with about 6 400 km to the centre.

4.5

提示The answer is in billions, not millions.

为什么Humans have existed for only a tiny fraction of that time. Geological time is vast compared with human time.