The twentieth-century world, Year 10: Kennedy, Johnson and the women's movement (America 1920–1973 option)

The New Frontier

提示He used the phrase in 1960 when he accepted the Democratic nomination.

为什么Its aims included action on poverty, education and health care.

The Great Society

提示Think of the president who followed Kennedy.

为什么Johnson linked it to a 'War on Poverty' that he declared in January 1964.

Medicare: health insurance for the over-65s; Medicaid: health cover for people on low incomes

提示Both came from the same 1965 law.

为什么Johnson signed the law on 30 July 1965. At first Medicaid covered mainly people receiving cash assistance.

Head Start

提示It was part of the War on Poverty.

为什么It was run by the Office of Economic Opportunity until 1969, when it moved to the Department of Health, Education and Welfare.

It fell, but great inequality remained

提示Think about whether the gap between rich and poor closed.

为什么Overall poverty levels fell and more people gained access to education and health care, but critics said the programmes could have achieved more.

1963

提示President Kennedy signed it in June.

为什么The law did not close the gap: women's average pay stayed well below men's.

National Organization for Women

提示It is usually known by a three-letter abbreviation.

为什么Passing the Equal Rights Amendment became one of its main aims.

1973

提示It was decided in January.

为什么The Court ruled that the constitutional right to privacy was broad enough to cover a woman's decision to end a pregnancy, so many state abortion bans were unconstitutional.

Equal legal rights regardless of sex

提示Congress sent it to the states in 1972.

为什么It fell three states short of the 38 needed; Congress extended the deadline to 1982, but ratification still failed.

Phyllis Schlafly

提示The name of her campaign began with an order to halt something.

为什么She argued that the ERA would take away some privileges women enjoyed. Women as well as men opposed it.