Reading with historical context

你需要知道的

• The Odyssey was composed for listeners before the Greek alphabet existed and was performed by oral poets called rhapsodes.
• Repetition, set pieces and a steady metre helped performers remember a very long poem.
• Knowing that Greeks feared angering the gods, and that hubris brings punishment, helps a modern reader follow the story.
• Xenia, the code of hospitality between host and guest, shapes both Odysseus's travels and Penelope's situation at home.
• The poem opens in medias res, in the middle of the action, ten years after the Trojan War.

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