Microbes: friend and foe

你需要知道的

• Yeast is used to make bread and to make alcohol in brewing, and bacteria such as Lactobacillus turn milk into curd and yoghurt.
• Microbes are used to produce antibiotics and vaccines.
• Some bacteria fix nitrogen from the air, making soil more fertile, and others produce biogas.
• Microbes that cause disease are called pathogens; some spread through air, water or food, or are carried by insects such as houseflies and mosquitoes.
• Malaria is caused by a parasite carried by the female Anopheles mosquito, which nets and repellents help prevent.

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