History

The twentieth-century world, Year 10: the boom and the Roaring Twenties (America 1920–1973 option)

Professor HarariThe 20th-Century World10 cardsFree · no account needed

AQAWritten against AQA GCSE History (8145): 3.2.1 Period study: America, 1920–1973: Opportunity and inequality. AQA has not reviewed these cards.

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HistoryThe twentieth-century world, Year 10: the boom and the Roaring Twenties (America 1920–1973 option)
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History · The twentieth-century world, Year 10: the boom and the Roaring Twenties (America 1920–1973 option)Professor Harari
Answer in your head…In October 1913 Henry Ford brought in a new way of building the Model T at his Highland Park factory. What was it?
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History · The twentieth-century world, Year 10: the boom and the Roaring Twenties (America 1920–1973 option)Professor Harari

A moving assembly line

HintThe cars came to the workers.

The whyBefore the line, one car took about 12.5 hours of labour to assemble; afterwards it took 93 minutes. That speed let Ford cut his prices and sell the Model T to ordinary families.

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History · The twentieth-century world, Year 10: the boom and the Roaring Twenties (America 1920–1973 option)Professor Harari
⌨ Type the answerAnswer in your head…What name is given to the Republican belief in the 1920s that government should keep out of business and the economy? (French term, one word)

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History · The twentieth-century world, Year 10: the boom and the Roaring Twenties (America 1920–1973 option)Professor Harari

laissez-faire

HintGovernments left businesses free to do as they chose.

The whyHarding, Coolidge and Hoover, all Republicans, held the presidency from 1921 to 1933. Coolidge cut income taxes sharply and favoured a light hand in regulating business.

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History · The twentieth-century world, Year 10: the boom and the Roaring Twenties (America 1920–1973 option)Professor Harari
↔ Asked both waysAnswer in your head…Buying goods by paying small regular instalments over a period of time (a 1920s credit scheme)
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History · The twentieth-century world, Year 10: the boom and the Roaring Twenties (America 1920–1973 option)Professor Harari

Hire purchase

HintBuy now, pay later.

The whyIt let families take home cars and radios before they had saved the full price, which helped to keep sales, and so production and jobs, rising.

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History · The twentieth-century world, Year 10: the boom and the Roaring Twenties (America 1920–1973 option)Professor Harari
↔ Asked both waysAnswer in your head…Buying shares with borrowed money, paying only a small part of the price in cash
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History · The twentieth-century world, Year 10: the boom and the Roaring Twenties (America 1920–1973 option)Professor Harari

Buying on the margin

HintA small deposit, and the broker lent the rest.

The whyTypically buyers put down about 10 per cent and borrowed the rest, using the shares as security for the loan. When prices fell, many could not repay, and that made the crash worse.

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History · The twentieth-century world, Year 10: the boom and the Roaring Twenties (America 1920–1973 option)Professor Harari
Answer in your head…Why did most American farmers miss out on the boom of the 1920s?
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History · The twentieth-century world, Year 10: the boom and the Roaring Twenties (America 1920–1973 option)Professor Harari

They grew more than could be sold, so prices fell

HintThink supply and demand.

The whyForeign tariffs also made it harder to sell American farm produce abroad.

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History · The twentieth-century world, Year 10: the boom and the Roaring Twenties (America 1920–1973 option)Professor Harari
Answer in your head…Which change to the US Constitution, ratified in August 1920, gave American women the vote?
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History · The twentieth-century world, Year 10: the boom and the Roaring Twenties (America 1920–1973 option)Professor Harari

The 19th Amendment

HintIt followed decades of campaigning by suffragists.

The whyIt said the right to vote could not be denied on account of sex. In practice, many Black women in the Southern states were still kept from voting.

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History · The twentieth-century world, Year 10: the boom and the Roaring Twenties (America 1920–1973 option)Professor Harari
⌨ Type the answerAnswer in your head…Which 1927 film starring Al Jolson is usually remembered as the first 'talkie'? (film title)

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History · The twentieth-century world, Year 10: the boom and the Roaring Twenties (America 1920–1973 option)Professor Harari

The Jazz Singer

HintIt was made by Warner Bros. in the late 1920s.

The whyMost of it was still silent, with a music score; only some scenes had speech and song. Its success helped to push Hollywood towards sound films, or 'talkies'.

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History · The twentieth-century world, Year 10: the boom and the Roaring Twenties (America 1920–1973 option)Professor Harari
↔ Asked both waysAnswer in your head…A young woman of the 1920s who cut her hair short, wore short dresses and acted independently
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History · The twentieth-century world, Year 10: the boom and the Roaring Twenties (America 1920–1973 option)Professor Harari

Flapper

HintShe might bob her hair and dance the Charleston.

The whyMany older Americans disapproved of flappers, accusing them of flouting the old rules of behaviour.

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History · The twentieth-century world, Year 10: the boom and the Roaring Twenties (America 1920–1973 option)Professor Harari
Answer in your head…More women took jobs in the 1920s. How did their jobs and pay usually compare with men's?
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History · The twentieth-century world, Year 10: the boom and the Roaring Twenties (America 1920–1973 option)Professor Harari

Their jobs were mostly lower-skilled and lower-paid

HintThink of typists and shop assistants, not managers.

The whyEducated women mostly found openings in 'women's professions' such as teaching and nursing. In factories, women often started on a lower hourly rate than men.

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History · The twentieth-century world, Year 10: the boom and the Roaring Twenties (America 1920–1973 option)Professor Harari
Answer in your head…How did Prohibition-era speakeasies help to spread jazz?
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History · The twentieth-century world, Year 10: the boom and the Roaring Twenties (America 1920–1973 option)Professor Harari

Thousands of illegal clubs needed live bands to attract customers

HintThink about what drinkers wanted besides the drink.

The whyThese clubs also brought men and women together, unlike the old men-only saloons.

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The twentieth-century world, Year 10: the boom and the Roaring Twenties (America 1920–1973 option)

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