Biology

Cells and organisation, Year 7: more practice

Professor DarwinCells & Organisation10 cardsFree · no account needed

AQAKS3 groundwork for cell biology — what GCSE builds on at AQA.

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Biology · Cells and organisation, Year 7: more practiceProfessor Darwin

Answer in your head…What do we call a group of similar cells that work together to do one job?

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★ KS3-BIOL-CEL-0039Front

Biology · Cells and organisation, Year 7: more practiceProfessor Darwin

A tissue

HintIt sits between a single cell and a whole organ in size.

The whyMuscle tissue is made of muscle cells that all contract. Different tissues then combine to form an organ such as the stomach.

★ KS3-BIOL-CEL-0039Back

Biology · Cells and organisation, Year 7: more practiceProfessor Darwin

Answer in your head…What do we call a group of organs that work together to carry out a major job in the body?

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Biology · Cells and organisation, Year 7: more practiceProfessor Darwin

An organ system

HintYour stomach and gut belong to one such group.

The whyThe heart, blood vessels and blood form the circulatory system. Systems working together make up the whole organism.

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Biology · Cells and organisation, Year 7: more practiceProfessor Darwin

Answer in your head…What is the jelly-like substance inside an animal cell, where many chemical reactions happen, called?

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Biology · Cells and organisation, Year 7: more practiceProfessor Darwin

The cytoplasm

HintIt fills the space between the cell membrane and the nucleus.

The whyCytoplasm is mostly water. Many of the cell's chemical reactions happen in it, and the other parts of the cell are held in it.

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Biology · Cells and organisation, Year 7: more practiceProfessor Darwin

Answer in your head…Which three parts does a plant cell have that an animal cell does not?

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Biology · Cells and organisation, Year 7: more practiceProfessor Darwin

Cell wall, chloroplasts and a large permanent vacuole

HintOne part supports, one catches light and one is full of sap.

The whyThe wall gives support, the chloroplasts carry out photosynthesis and the vacuole stores cell sap and keeps the cell firm.

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Biology · Cells and organisation, Year 7: more practiceProfessor Darwin

Answer in your head…How does the long, thin shape of a nerve cell help it do its job?

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Biology · Cells and organisation, Year 7: more practiceProfessor Darwin

It can carry electrical messages over long distances around the body

HintThink about what the cell must reach.

The whyNerve cells carry electrical impulses between the brain and the rest of the body. Their long fibres let one cell link places far apart.

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Biology · Cells and organisation, Year 7: more practiceProfessor Darwin

Answer in your head…Muscle cells contain a large number of mitochondria. Why?

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Biology · Cells and organisation, Year 7: more practiceProfessor Darwin

They release lots of energy for the muscle to contract

HintThink about the fuel a working fibre needs.

The whyMitochondria are where respiration releases energy. A muscle cell that contracts again and again needs a plentiful supply.

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Biology · Cells and organisation, Year 7: more practiceProfessor Darwin

Answer in your head…You can smell dinner cooking from another room. Which process spreads the smell through the air?

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Biology · Cells and organisation, Year 7: more practiceProfessor Darwin

Diffusion

HintParticles spread out from where there are lots of them.

The whyScent particles leave the food, where they are crowded, and move randomly into the rest of the air where there are few.

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Biology · Cells and organisation, Year 7: more practiceProfessor Darwin

Answer in your head…What happens to the rate of diffusion when the temperature rises, and why?

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Biology · Cells and organisation, Year 7: more practiceProfessor Darwin

It speeds up because the particles move faster

HintThink about what warmth does to how fast tiny pieces travel.

The whyAt higher temperatures particles have more kinetic energy, so they spread out faster. This is why a smell reaches you sooner in a warm room.

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Biology · Cells and organisation, Year 7: more practiceProfessor Darwin

⌨ Type the answerAnswer in your head…A cell is 0.05 mm long. In a drawing it is 5 mm long. What is the magnification? (number only)

★ KS3-BIOL-CEL-0047Front

Biology · Cells and organisation, Year 7: more practiceProfessor Darwin

100

HintDivide the drawing size by the real size.

The whyMagnification = image size ÷ real size = 5 ÷ 0.05 = 100, written ×100.

★ KS3-BIOL-CEL-0047Back

Biology · Cells and organisation, Year 7: more practiceProfessor Darwin

Answer in your head…A photograph of a cell is 40 mm long and the magnification is ×50. What is the real length of the cell?

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★ KS3-BIOL-CEL-0048Front

Biology · Cells and organisation, Year 7: more practiceProfessor Darwin

0.8 mm

HintRearrange the formula so the real size is the subject.

The whyReal size = image size ÷ magnification = 40 ÷ 50 = 0.8 mm.

★ KS3-BIOL-CEL-0048Back

Cells and organisation, Year 7: more practice

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