History

Early modern Britain 1509–1745, Year 11: the Catholic threat and the Puritans (Elizabethan England option)

Professor HarariEarly Modern (1509–1745)10 cardsFree · no account needed

AQAWritten against AQA GCSE History (8145): 3.3.2 British depth study: Elizabethan England, c1568–1603. AQA has not reviewed these cards.

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History · Early modern Britain 1509–1745, Year 11: the Catholic threat and the Puritans (Elizabethan England option)Professor Harari

⌨ Type the answerAnswer in your head…In which year did the Catholic earls of Northumberland and Westmorland lead a rebellion in the north of England? (year)

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History · Early modern Britain 1509–1745, Year 11: the Catholic threat and the Puritans (Elizabethan England option)Professor Harari

1569

HintThe year after Mary, Queen of Scots, arrived in England.

The whyThe rebels heard Mass in Durham Cathedral and aimed to free Mary and restore the Catholic religion. They found little support further south and fled as the queen's army approached. Hundreds were executed afterwards.

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History · Early modern Britain 1509–1745, Year 11: the Catholic threat and the Puritans (Elizabethan England option)Professor Harari

Answer in your head…What did the Pope's bull of 1570 declare about Elizabeth?

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History · Early modern Britain 1509–1745, Year 11: the Catholic threat and the Puritans (Elizabethan England option)Professor Harari

That she was excommunicated and her subjects need not obey her

HintThe document is known as 'Regnans in Excelsis'.

The whyFrom then on English Catholics could be seen as possible traitors, whatever they did. Parliament answered in 1571 by making it treason to say that Elizabeth ought not to be queen.

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History · Early modern Britain 1509–1745, Year 11: the Catholic threat and the Puritans (Elizabethan England option)Professor Harari

Answer in your head…Which plot of 1571 planned for a Spanish army to invade and for Mary, Queen of Scots, to marry the Duke of Norfolk?

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History · Early modern Britain 1509–1745, Year 11: the Catholic threat and the Puritans (Elizabethan England option)Professor Harari

The Ridolfi Plot

HintNamed after the Italian banker who carried the messages.

The whyThe plot was discovered and Norfolk was executed in 1572. Later plots followed the same pattern: Throckmorton in 1583 and Babington in 1586 both aimed to replace Elizabeth with Mary, with foreign help.

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History · Early modern Britain 1509–1745, Year 11: the Catholic threat and the Puritans (Elizabethan England option)Professor Harari

Answer in your head…Which Jesuit priest came secretly to England in 1580 and was executed for treason in 1581?

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History · Early modern Britain 1509–1745, Year 11: the Catholic threat and the Puritans (Elizabethan England option)Professor Harari

Edmund Campion

HintHe travelled in disguise, preaching and saying Mass in Catholic houses.

The whyPriests trained in colleges abroad came to keep the Catholic faith alive in England. They said their mission was only religious. The government treated them as agents of a foreign enemy, and from 1585 any such priest found in England could be executed.

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History · Early modern Britain 1509–1745, Year 11: the Catholic threat and the Puritans (Elizabethan England option)Professor Harari

↔ Asked both waysAnswer in your head…A person, usually a Catholic, who refused to attend the services of the Church of England

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History · Early modern Britain 1509–1745, Year 11: the Catholic threat and the Puritans (Elizabethan England option)Professor Harari

Recusant

HintFrom the Latin for 'to refuse'.

The whyAt first the fine was twelve pence, one shilling, for each week missed. In 1581 it was raised to £20 a month, far more than most people earned in a year. The aim was to make loyalty to the old religion too costly to keep up.

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History · Early modern Britain 1509–1745, Year 11: the Catholic threat and the Puritans (Elizabethan England option)Professor Harari

Answer in your head…What did Puritans want to remove from the Church of England?

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History · Early modern Britain 1509–1745, Year 11: the Catholic threat and the Puritans (Elizabethan England option)Professor Harari

Everything that seemed Catholic, such as priests' vestments and ornaments

HintThey wanted the Church 'purified'.

The whyThey wanted plain services centred on preaching and the Bible. The more extreme, known as Presbyterians, wanted to abolish bishops as well. Elizabeth saw her settlement of 1559 as final and would not change it.

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History · Early modern Britain 1509–1745, Year 11: the Catholic threat and the Puritans (Elizabethan England option)Professor Harari

↔ Asked both waysAnswer in your head…Meetings of clergy to study the Bible and practise preaching, favoured by Puritans and banned on Elizabeth's orders

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History · Early modern Britain 1509–1745, Year 11: the Catholic threat and the Puritans (Elizabethan England option)Professor Harari

Prophesyings

HintDespite the name, they had nothing to do with foretelling the future.

The whyThe queen feared they would spread Puritan ideas beyond her control. To her, deciding how the Church was run was the monarch's business, not the clergy's.

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History · Early modern Britain 1509–1745, Year 11: the Catholic threat and the Puritans (Elizabethan England option)Professor Harari

Answer in your head…Which Archbishop of Canterbury was suspended from his duties in 1577 for refusing to ban prophesyings?

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History · Early modern Britain 1509–1745, Year 11: the Catholic threat and the Puritans (Elizabethan England option)Professor Harari

Edmund Grindal

HintHe wrote the queen a long letter explaining why he could not obey.

The whyHe remained out of favour until his death in 1583. It showed that even the head of the Church could not defy the queen on religion.

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History · Early modern Britain 1509–1745, Year 11: the Catholic threat and the Puritans (Elizabethan England option)Professor Harari

Answer in your head…Which Archbishop of Canterbury, appointed in 1583, drew up articles that nonconforming ministers had to accept?

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History · Early modern Britain 1509–1745, Year 11: the Catholic threat and the Puritans (Elizabethan England option)Professor Harari

John Whitgift

HintHe shared the queen's dislike of Puritan demands.

The whyHe enforced the queen's policy of a single form of worship for everyone, and he was given stronger powers for the church court that dealt with those who would not conform.

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History · Early modern Britain 1509–1745, Year 11: the Catholic threat and the Puritans (Elizabethan England option)Professor Harari

Answer in your head…How was the Puritan John Stubbs punished in 1579 for a pamphlet attacking the queen's proposed French marriage?

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History · Early modern Britain 1509–1745, Year 11: the Catholic threat and the Puritans (Elizabethan England option)Professor Harari

His right hand was cut off

HintThe penalty was aimed at the part of him that wrote.

The whyHe objected to the queen marrying a Catholic. It showed that Elizabeth would not allow her subjects, Puritan or otherwise, to comment on matters she regarded as hers alone.

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Early modern Britain 1509–1745, Year 11: the Catholic threat and the Puritans (Elizabethan England option)

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