History · Professor Harari

Every card in The twentieth-century world, Year 10: Kennedy, Johnson and the women's movement (America 1920–1973 option)

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1 GCSE-HIST-TWE-0216

What name did John F. Kennedy give to his programme of domestic reforms?

The New Frontier

HintHe used the phrase in 1960 when he accepted the Democratic nomination.

WhyIts aims included action on poverty, education and health care.

2 GCSE-HIST-TWE-0217

Lyndon Johnson's name for his programme to end poverty and racial injustice in America

The Great Society

HintThink of the president who followed Kennedy.

WhyJohnson linked it to a 'War on Poverty' that he declared in January 1964.

3 GCSE-HIST-TWE-0218

What did Medicare and Medicaid, created in 1965, provide?

Medicare: health insurance for the over-65s; Medicaid: health cover for people on low incomes

HintBoth came from the same 1965 law.

WhyJohnson signed the law on 30 July 1965. At first Medicaid covered mainly people receiving cash assistance.

4 GCSE-HIST-TWE-0219

Preschool programme launched in 1965 to help young children from poor families get ready for school

Head Start

HintIt was part of the War on Poverty.

WhyIt was run by the Office of Economic Opportunity until 1969, when it moved to the Department of Health, Education and Welfare.

5 GCSE-HIST-TWE-0220

What happened to poverty in the USA during the 1960s?

It fell, but great inequality remained

HintThink about whether the gap between rich and poor closed.

WhyOverall poverty levels fell and more people gained access to education and health care, but critics said the programmes could have achieved more.

6 GCSE-HIST-TWE-0221

In which year did the Equal Pay Act make it illegal to pay women less than men for equal work? (year)

1963

HintPresident Kennedy signed it in June.

WhyThe law did not close the gap: women's average pay stayed well below men's.

7 GCSE-HIST-TWE-0222

Organisation founded in 1966 to campaign for women's equality, with Betty Friedan as one of its founders

National Organization for Women

HintIt is usually known by a three-letter abbreviation.

WhyPassing the Equal Rights Amendment became one of its main aims.

8 GCSE-HIST-TWE-0223

In which year did the Supreme Court decide Roe v Wade? (year)

1973

HintIt was decided in January.

WhyThe Court ruled that the constitutional right to privacy was broad enough to cover a woman's decision to end a pregnancy, so many state abortion bans were unconstitutional.

9 GCSE-HIST-TWE-0224

What would the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) have added to the Constitution?

Equal legal rights regardless of sex

HintCongress sent it to the states in 1972.

WhyIt fell three states short of the 38 needed; Congress extended the deadline to 1982, but ratification still failed.

10 GCSE-HIST-TWE-0225

Which woman led the STOP ERA campaign that helped to block ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment?

Phyllis Schlafly

HintThe name of her campaign began with an order to halt something.

WhyShe argued that the ERA would take away some privileges women enjoyed. Women as well as men opposed it.

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