Maps and place knowledge, Year 7: more practice

The eastings — along the corridor, then up the stairs

HintWalk indoors first, afterwards climb.

The whyGrid references are read along first (eastings) and then up (northings). In 347213 the 34 and 47 are eastings, and 21 and 13 are northings.

Asia

HintIt also has the most people of any continent.

The whyAsia covers about a third of the world's land. Africa is the second largest continent.

The Pacific Ocean

HintIt lies between Asia and the Americas.

The whyThe Pacific covers about a third of the Earth's surface, more than all the land put together.

0 degrees

HintLatitude is measured from this line.

The whyThe equator is the 0° line of latitude. Latitudes run from 0° at the equator to 90° at each pole.

The prime meridian

HintIt is the starting line for measuring east and west.

The whyLongitude is measured east and west of this line, from 0° to 180°. It also divides the eastern from the western hemisphere.

500

Hint1 cm on the map stands for 50 000 cm in real life.

The why50 000 cm is 500 m. This is why 2 cm on a 1:50 000 map means 1 km.

1.5 km

Hint6 cm × 25 000 gives centimetres; convert to kilometres.

The why6 × 25 000 = 150 000 cm = 1 500 m = 1.5 km. On a 1:25 000 map, 4 cm stands for 1 km.

The height above sea level of every point on that line

HintIt tells you how high the ground is at all places along it.

The whyContours join places of equal height. The vertical gap between neighbouring lines, the contour interval, is the same across the map.

Rings (closed loops) that get smaller towards the top

HintPicture slicing a hill horizontally.

The whyEach ring is a slice at one height. The smallest ring is the summit, so heights rise towards the middle.

Cardiff

HintIt is in the south of Wales.

The whyCardiff is also Wales's largest city. Edinburgh is the capital of Scotland and Belfast of Northern Ireland.

The north-west

HintThink of the Scottish Highlands and the mountains of Wales.

The whyThe north and west are mostly upland, with mountains and moors. The south and east are mostly lowland.

The crust

HintIt is the layer we live on.

The whyThe crust is only a few kilometres thick under the oceans and a few tens of kilometres thick under the continents, compared with about 6 400 km to the centre.

4.5

HintThe answer is in billions, not millions.

The whyHumans have existed for only a tiny fraction of that time. Geological time is vast compared with human time.