Mathematics · Professor Pi

Every card in Fractions

The whole deck, in order — so you can read it through before your child ever sees it.

1 KS3-MATH-NUM-0001

The fractions 12/n and 30/45 are equivalent. What is the value of n?

18

HintReduce the known pair to its lowest terms first, then scale that up until its top matches 12.

Why30/45 cancels to 2/3, and 12 is 6 × 2, so the bottom must be 6 × 3 = 18. Cross-multiplying is the quick check: 12 × 45 = 540 and 30 × 18 = 540, so the two fractions really are equal.

2 KS3-MATH-NUM-0002

What is 36/48 written in its simplest form?

3/4

HintFind the highest common factor of both numbers and cancel it in one go, or cancel in stages.

Why36 and 48 share a highest common factor of 12, so dividing both by 12 gives 3/4. Cancelling in stages (÷2, ÷2, ÷3) reaches the same place — keep going until top and bottom share no factor except 1.

3 KS3-MATH-NUM-0003

Three quarters of a number is 48. What is the number?

64

HintThree equal parts make 48, so find one part first, then build up to four of them.

WhyIf three quarters is 48, one quarter is 48 ÷ 3 = 16, and the whole is four quarters: 4 × 16 = 64. Working backwards from a fraction of an amount is a step up from finding one, and it is the same reasoning used later for reverse percentages.

4 KS3-MATH-NUM-0004

Over a common denominator of 15, 2/3 becomes ____ and 3/5 becomes ____, so ____ is the larger fraction.

10/15 and 9/15, so 2/3 is the larger

HintRewrite both over a shared denominator so the pieces are the same size to count.

WhyFifteen is the smallest number both 3 and 5 divide into, so fifteenths are the shared piece — once the pieces match, only the counts need comparing.

5 KS3-MATH-NUM-0005

What is 3/8 written as a decimal?

0.375

HintFind one eighth first by halving a quarter, then take three of them.

WhyA fraction is a division, so 3 ÷ 8 = 0.375. Quicker: 1/4 = 0.25, so 1/8 = 0.125 and 3/8 = 3 × 0.125 = 0.375. Knowing the eighths as well as halves, quarters and tenths by heart speeds up percentage work later.

6 KS3-MATH-NUM-0006

To add 1/2 and 1/3, write both as ____: 1/2 = ____ and 1/3 = ____, so the sum is ____.

sixths; 3/6 and 2/6, so the sum is 5/6

HintThe pieces must be the same size before the tops can be counted together.

WhySix is the smallest number both 2 and 3 divide into — the reason halves and thirds can only be added once both are renamed in sixths.

7 KS3-MATH-NUM-0007

When adding two fractions whose pieces are already the same size, what stays the same as the numerators are added?

The denominator

HintOnce the pieces are equal in size, you only count how many — the size label is unchanged.

WhyThe denominator names the size of each piece. Adding thirds to thirds still gives thirds — you add how many pieces (the numerators), not the size.

8 KS3-MATH-NUM-0008

To work out 2/3 × 4/5, multiply the tops to get ____ and the bottoms to get ____.

8 and 15, giving 8/15

HintStraight across on each row — no shared denominator is needed for this one.

WhyUnlike adding, multiplying needs no common denominator: you are taking 2/3 of 4/5, so the counts multiply and the piece sizes multiply at the same time.

9 KS3-MATH-NUM-0009

When you multiply a positive number by a fraction less than 1, what happens to its size?

It gets smaller

HintYou are taking only a part of the number, not the whole of it.

WhyMultiplying by 1/2 means finding half of the number, so the answer is smaller. Multiplying only grows a number when you multiply by more than 1.

10 KS3-MATH-NUM-0010

Half of a number, divided by 2/3, gives 9. What is the number?

12

HintWork backwards one step at a time: undo the division first, then undo the halving.

WhyDividing by 2/3 means multiplying by 3/2, so half the number × 3/2 = 9. That makes half the number 9 × 2/3 = 6, and the number itself 12. Checking forwards: half of 12 is 6, and 6 ÷ 2/3 = 6 × 3/2 = 9.

11 KS3-MATH-NUM-0011

To divide by a fraction, flip it and ____.

multiply

HintThe reciprocal turns the division into its opposite operation.

WhyFlipping a fraction gives its reciprocal; dividing by 3/4 is the same as multiplying by 4/3 — the same result from an easier sum.

12 KS3-MATH-NUM-0012

To write 2 3/4 as an improper fraction, count the two wholes as ____ quarters, then add the extra 3 quarters to reach ____ quarters in all.

8 and 11 — so 2 3/4 = 11/4

HintEvery whole one hides four quarters — count those first, and the spare quarters join on at the end.

WhyThe quick rule — multiply the whole number by the denominator, then add the numerator — is exactly this quarter-counting written as a recipe.

Keep what you learn

Here, nothing is saved. In your child’s own sky every card is scheduled — it comes back just before they’d forget it — and the professor who wrote it is one tap away.