Every card in Human body systems, Year 8: more practice
The whole deck, in order — so you can read it through before your child ever sees it.
- After food leaves the mouth, which tube carries it down to the stomach?
The oesophagus
HintIt runs through the chest.
WhyMuscles in the wall of the oesophagus squeeze the food down in waves.
- What is the main job of the large intestine?
To absorb water from the undigested food
HintThink about what is left at the end.
WhyUndigested food moves into the large intestine, where water is absorbed. What is left forms faeces.
- Which type of joint is the knee?
A hinge joint
HintIt only bends in one direction.
WhyA hinge joint allows movement backwards and forwards in one plane, like a door hinge.
- Which type of joint at the shoulder allows the arm to move in a circle?
A ball-and-socket joint
HintThe end of the bone is round.
WhyThe ball-shaped end of the upper arm bone fits into a cup in the shoulder, giving movement in many directions.
- Which enzyme breaks down proteins into amino acids?
Protease
HintIts name suggests what it acts on.
WhyProtease works in the stomach and small intestine. The amino acids can then be absorbed.
- Why is the lining of the small intestine covered in villi?
They give a large surface area for absorbing food
HintThink about how a bigger lining lets more nutrients cross at once.
WhyVilli are tiny finger-like projections. A larger surface area means more digested food can be absorbed at once.
- Digested food passes into the blood because there is more of it in the gut than in the blood. What is this process called?
Diffusion
HintMolecules spread from high to low.
WhyFood molecules diffuse through the thin wall of a villus. The blood carries them away, which keeps the concentration low.
- Which gas moves from the blood into the alveoli to be breathed out?
Carbon dioxide
HintIt is a waste gas from respiration.
WhyThe blood in the lung capillaries is high in carbon dioxide, so it diffuses into the alveoli.
- Why are the walls of the alveoli only one cell thick?
So gases only have a short distance to diffuse
HintThink about how far oxygen has to travel to reach the blood.
WhyA thin wall means a quick diffusion of oxygen into the blood and carbon dioxide out of it.
- Animals get glucose for respiration from digested food. Where do plants get theirs?
They make it by photosynthesis
HintPlants do not eat.
WhyPlants make glucose from carbon dioxide and water using light, then respire it to release energy.
- Why does your breathing rate go up during exercise?
Your muscles need more oxygen for respiration, and more carbon dioxide must be removed
HintThink about what working tissues use up and what they give off.
WhyMore respiration in the muscles uses oxygen faster and makes more carbon dioxide.
- Which blood vessels carry blood away from the heart?
Arteries
HintThey have thick, muscular walls.
WhyArteries carry blood at high pressure away from the heart. Veins return it.
- When you breathe out, what do the ribs and diaphragm do?
The ribs move down and in, and the diaphragm relaxes and moves up
HintThe opposite of breathing in.
WhyThe chest volume goes down and the pressure rises, so air is pushed out.
- Breathing and respiration are different. Which one is a chemical reaction in cells that releases energy?
Respiration
HintOne happens in the lungs and one in the cells.
WhyBreathing moves air into and out of the lungs. Respiration happens in cells and releases energy from glucose.
1★ KS3-BIOL-HUM-0033
2★ KS3-BIOL-HUM-0034
3★ KS3-BIOL-HUM-0035
4★ KS3-BIOL-HUM-0036
5★ KS3-BIOL-HUM-0037
6★ KS3-BIOL-HUM-0038
7★ KS3-BIOL-HUM-0039
8★ KS3-BIOL-HUM-0040
9★ KS3-BIOL-HUM-0041
10★ KS3-BIOL-HUM-0042
11★ KS3-BIOL-HUM-0043
12★ KS3-BIOL-HUM-0044
13★ KS3-BIOL-HUM-0045
14★ KS3-BIOL-HUM-0046
Keep what you learn
Here, nothing is saved. In your child’s own sky every card is scheduled — it comes back just before they’d forget it — and the professor who wrote it is one tap away.